b'THE IMPACTSTHE UNFCCCHumankind, its economies, and social systems have allUNFCCC is the abbreviation for United Nations evolved in a relatively stable climate and environment.Framework Convention on Climate Change. The UNFCCC Our food systems, cities and towns, industry andsecretariat is the United Nations entity that drives the economies are all sensitive to rapid changes to ourglobal cooperation on climate change. The UNFCCC is climate and its impacts on our environmental systems.responsible for the 1997 Kyoto Protocol and the 2015 Paris Agreement to keep the global average temperature Global warming is altering the earths climate systems inrise this century to 1.5 degrees, in a time frame which many waysallows ecosystems to adapt and enables sustainable more extreme weather events, including heatdevelopment.waves, hurricanes, droughts, and floodsgreater rainfall extremes (wet regions become wetter and dry regions become drier)THE IPCCsea-level rise due to higher ocean temperatures and melting iceThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ecosystems and natural habitats decline throughwas established in 1988 by the World Meteorological shifting of climatic zones and seasonal fluctuationsOrganization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment which can further increase greenhouse gasProgramme (UNEP) and includes 195 member nations The emissions (ie loss of forest carbon sinks, lessIPCC is an internationally accepted authority on climate CO2dissolved in oceans and release of methanechange, and its work is widely agreed upon by leading from peat beds and thawed permafrost) climate scientists as well as governments. The panel is impacting viability of, migration patterns, andresponsible for providing objective and comprehensive abundance of land, freshwater, and marine species. scientific information on anthropogenic climate change, including the natural, political, and economic impacts and risks, and possible response options.GREENHOUSEMost recently the IPCC has released special reports GAS EMISSIONS on; Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate in September 2019, Climate Change and Land in August Climate change is a truly international issue and2019 and Global Warming of 1.5C in October 2018.leadership is being taken by the United Nations andIn August 2021, the IPCC published its sixth assessment affiliated programs. It is therefore appropriate to prioritisereport which included a worsening assessment of major our understanding of these programs.inevitable and irreversible climate change and the rate The Greenhouse Gas Protocol provides a comprehensiveof emissions change necessary to limit the rate and global standardised framework to measure and manageextent of change. greenhouse gas greenhouse gas emissions from value chains and mitigation actions. It categorises direct andTHE TWO PARTS indirect emissions into three broad scopes:Scope 1 emissions: Direct GHG emissions occur fromOF CLIMATE sources that are owned or controlled by the company, for example, emissions from gas heaters, ovens, vehicles andCHANGE refrigeration. MANAGEMENT Scope 2 emissions: Indirect greenhouse gas emissions from consumption of purchased electricity, distributedThe first is to limit the amount of global warming that heat or steam. occurs by drastically and rapidly limiting the increases Scope 3 emissions: Other indirect emissions, producedof atmospheric carbon by reducing greenhouse gas from the extraction, production and distribution ofemissions and sequestering carbon. The sixth IPCC purchased goods and services for example, business travel,assessment suggests that immediate reductions of accommodation, paper, commute to work, home offices,greenhouse gas emissions, growing to ninety percent by ICT equipment and services and waste disposal, etc. 2050, is required to achieve a two third chance of limiting global warming to 1.5. To do this we need to find ways For guidance on what to include in each scope, refer toto progress equality and global prosperity without the the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard. traditional link to increased fossil fuel use.'